Justine or the Misfortunes of Virtue Read Online
 Frontispiece by Philippe Chéry and championship page of the first edition | |
| Author | The Marquis de Sade |
|---|---|
| Original title | Les Infortunes de la Vertu |
| Translator | Pieralessandro Casavini |
| Country | French republic |
| Language | French |
| Genre | Libertine, erotic, gothic |
| Publisher | J. V. Girouard |
| Publication date | 1791 |
| Followed by | Juliette |
Justine, or The Misfortunes of Virtue (French: Justine, ou Les Malheurs de la Vertu ) is a 1791 novel by Donatien Alphonse François de Sade, ameliorate known as the Marquis de Sade. Justine is set just before the French Revolution in France and tells the story of a young girl who goes under the name of Thérèse. Her story is recounted to Madame de Lorsagne while defending herself for her crimes, en route to punishment and death. She explains the serial of misfortunes that led to her present situation.
History of the work [edit]
Justine (original French title: Les infortunes de la vertu ) was an early work by the Marquis de Sade, written in ii weeks in 1787 while imprisoned in the Bastille. It is a novella (187 pages) with relatively picayune of the obscenity that characterized his later writing, equally it was written in the classical style (which was stylish at the time), with much verbose and metaphorical clarification.
A much extended and more graphic version, entitled Justine ou Les Malheurs de la vertu (1791) (English title: Justine, or The Misfortunes of the Virtue or just Justine), was the first of de Sade's books published.
A farther extended version, La Nouvelle Justine ou Les Malheurs de la vertu (The New Justine), was published in holland in 1797. This final version, La Nouvelle Justine, departed from the beginning-person narrative of the previous two versions, and included around 100 engravings. It was accompanied by a continuation, Juliette, about Justine's sister. The two together formed 10 volumes of nearly 4000 pages in total; publication was completed in 1801.
Napoleon Bonaparte ordered the abort of the anonymous writer of Justine and Juliette, and as a effect de Sade was incarcerated for the concluding 13 years of his life. The book'due south destruction was ordered past the Cour Royale de Paris on May 19, 1815.
Modernistic publication [edit]
There is standard edition of this text in hardcover, having passed into the public domain. The text itself is oftentimes incorporated into collections of de Sade'due south work.
A censored English translation of Justine was issued in the U.s. by the Risus Press in the early on 1930s, and went through many reprintings. The start unexpurgated English translation of Justine (by 'Pieralessandro Casavini', a pseudonym for Austryn Wainhouse) was published past the Olympia Printing in 1953. Wainhouse later on revised this translation for publication in the U.s.a. by Grove Press (1965). Another modern translated version still in print is the 1999 Wordsworth edition — a translation of the original version in which Justine calls herself Sophie and not Thérèse.
The final 1797 version La Nouvelle Justine has never been published in English language translation, although it was published in French in the permissive weather condition of the belatedly 1960s, as function of two rival express-editions of the definitive nerveless works of de Sade: Jean-Jacques Pauvert's Oeuvres completes de Sade (1968, 30 volumes) and Cercle du Livre Precieux's Oeuvres completes du Marquis de Sade: editions definitive (1967, 16 volumes).
Plot summary [edit]
The plot concerns Justine, a 12-year-old maiden ("Every bit for Justine, aged equally we accept remarked, twelve") who sets off to brand her fashion in French republic. It follows her until age 26 in her quest for virtue. She is presented with sexual lessons, subconscious under a virtuous mask. The unfortunate situations include: the time when she seeks refuge and confession in a monastery, but is forced to become a sex slave to the monks, who subject her to countless orgies, rapes and similar rigours and the time when, helping a gentleman who is robbed in a field, he takes her dorsum to his chateau with promises of a post caring for his married woman, merely she is then confined in a cave and subject field to much the same penalty. These punishments are more often than not the same throughout, even when she goes to a judge to beg for mercy in her case as an arsonist and and so finds herself openly humiliated in court, unable to defend herself.
These are described in true Sadean course. Yet, dissimilar some of his other works, the novel is not just a catalogue of sadism.
Justine (Thérèse (or Sophie in the start version)) and Juliette were the daughters of Monsieur de Bertole. Bertole was a widower banker who roughshod in love with some other homo's lover. The human, Monsieur de Noirseuil, in the involvement of revenge, pretended to exist his friend, made sure he became broke and eventually poisoned him, leaving the girls orphans. Juliette and Justine lived in a nunnery, where the abbess of the nunnery corrupted Juliette (and attempted to corrupt Justine too). However, Justine was sweet and virtuous. When the abbess found out about Bertole'south death, she threw both girls out. Juliette's story is told in another book and Justine continues on in pursuit of virtue, kickoff from becoming a maid in the firm of the usurer Harpin, which is where her troubles begin afresh.
In her search for piece of work and shelter Justine constantly roughshod into the easily of rogues who would ravish and torture her and the people she makes friends with. Justine was falsely accused of theft by Harpin and sent to jail expecting execution. She had to ally herself with a Miss Dubois, a criminal who helped her to escape forth with her band. To escape, Miss Dubois arranged a burn down to pause out in the prison, in which 21 people died. Later on escaping the band of Dubois, Justine wanders off and accidentally trespasses upon the lands of the count of Bressac.
The story is told by "Thérèse" ("Sophie" in the beginning version) in an inn, to Madame de Lorsagne. It is finally revealed that Madame de Lorsagne is her long-lost sis. The irony is that her sister submitted to a brief period of vice and found herself a comfortable existence where she could exercise good, while Justine refused to make concessions for the greater skilful and was plunged further into vice than those who would go willingly.
The story ends with Madame de Lorsagne relieving her from a life of vice and clearing her name. Before long afterward, Justine becomes introverted and morose and is finally struck by a bolt of lightning and killed instantly. Madame de Lorsagne joins a religious order after Justine'due south death.
Scholarship [edit]
Simone de Beauvoir chosen Justine "la bêlante Justine". One scholar commented:[1]
The libertines derive as much satisfaction from defeating their opponents intellectually as they do from subduing and abusing them physically, while the victims themselves (and Justine offers the all-time case of this) rise admirably to the claiming with equally forceful and reasoned replies.
James Fowler writes that "her piety offers her the nigh intense pleasance she can experience in life" and describes her responses to the libertine Marquis de Bressac as "pious hedonism".[1]
Legacy [edit]
In 1798, the rival writer Rétif de la Bretonne published his Anti-Justine.
In Lars von Trier's 2011 film Melancholia, the main grapheme, played past Kirsten Dunst, is named afterward de Sade's Justine.
A retelling in contemporary terms is The Turkish Bath, a 1969 novel published by Olympia Press, allegedly past Justine and Juliette Lemercier in an autobiographical format.[two]
Moving-picture show, TV or theatrical adaptations [edit]
The story has been adapted for pic several times, nearly notably in a 1969 international co-production directed by Jesús Franco and starring Jack Palance, Romina Power, and Klaus Kinski every bit the Marquis, titled Marquis de Sade: Justine. There has also been a graphic novel version past Guido Crepax. In 1972, French director Claude Pierson filmed a very faithful adaptation of Sade's work entitled Justine de Sade, with French Alice Arno in the championship role. In 1973, the Japanese director Tatsumi Kumashiro filmed an adaptation of Justine as part of Nikkatsu'due south Roman Porno series. The film was titled Woman Hell: Wood are Moisture ( 女地獄 森は濡れた , Onna Jigoku: Mori wa Nureta ).[3] In 1977, a picture show version of the novel, entitled Barbarous Passion, was released.[4]
Justine was as well featured in the 2000 motion picture Quills based on the life of the Marquis de Sade.
For her film Raw, Julia Ducournau said in an interview with Diverseness [5] that she chose to proper noun the protagonist after Sade'southward Justine.
See likewise [edit]
- Gothic novel
- Justine Paris
Notes [edit]
- ^ a b Fowler, James (2010). "Justine philosophe: Sade'south Les Infortunes de la vertu Revisited". Dalhousie French Studies. Nova Scotia, Canada: Dalhousie University. 9: 33–41. JSTOR 41705533.
- ^ The Turkish Bath. Juliette Lemercier, Justine Lemercier. Olympia Printing, 1969. ISBN 9781608720903
- ^ Precipitous, Jasper (2008). Behind the Pink Curtain: The Complete History of Japanese Sex activity Movie theater. Guildford: FAB Press. p. 137. ISBN978-1-903254-54-vii.
- ^ Deming, Marking. "Justine (1977)". AllMovie. Retrieved January 18, 2017.
- ^ 'Raw' Director 'Shocked' Two Viewers Fainted During Cannibal Film at TIFF
External links [edit]
- Justine (fr)
- Justine, ou les malheurs de la vertu, vol. one, vol. 2, en Hollande, chez les Libraires Associés, 1791.
- (in French) La nouvelle Justine, ou les malheurs de la vertu, suivie de 50'Histoire de Juliette, sa soeur, vol. i, vol. ii, vol. 3, vol. 4, en Hollande, 1797.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justine_%28de_Sade_novel%29
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